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Procesor x86
Dr. Konstantin Levit-Gurevich, Intel Israel
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In 1994, AMD’s 80×86 architect, Mike Johnson, famously quipped, “The x86 really isn’t all that complex—it just doesn’t make a lot of sense …. The biggest weakness in the x86 in- struction set is the lack of registers coupled with an extremely painful addressing scheme.”
Over the course of the last two decades, it has proved surprisingly inaccurate: the x86 of 2015 is extremely complex. It now comprises 1300 instructions, myriad addressing modes, dozens of special-purpose registers, and multi- ple address-translation schemes. It should come as no surprise that, following the lead of AMD’s K5 microarchitecture, all of Intel’s out-of-order execution engines dynamically translate x86 instructions into an internal format that more closely resembles a RISC-style instruction set.
Waterman, Andrew: Design of the RISC-V Instruction Set Architecture