====== Lab03 - Types and arrays ======



==== Makefile ====
  * Variables
    * Many built-in variables for system tools like RM for rm -f, CC for gcc or CXX for g++
  <code>
  VAR := $(CC)
  VERSION = $(CXX) --version
  CFLAGS ?= -Wall -Werror
  LIBS += -lm
  define ARR
  </code>
  * Then we can write our Makefile as
  
  <code>
  LIBS += -lm
  OUTNAME := output
  SRC += main.c
  
  all:
	$(CC) $(SRC) -o $(OUTNAME) $(LIBS)
	
  clean:
	$(RM) $(OUTNAME)
  </code>
==== Data types ====
  * Basic data types
    * _Bool
    * char < short < int < long < long long
    * unsigned char < unsigned short < unsigned < unsigned long
    * float < double < long double
  * Precise data types (defined in <stdint.h>)
    * int8_t
    * int16_t
    * int32_t

==== Arrays and pointers ====
  * No checking of the out-of-bound indexing
  * Fixed size known at the compile time
<code>
int arr[10];

int n = 5;
char vars[n];

float coeffs[] = {4.2, 0.12, 8.7773};
</code>
  * Arrays are passed to functions as pointers

==== Tasks ====
  - Write a program that will perform a dot product of two vectors (represented as 1D arrays)
  - Write a program which reads a string with a length given by the user and counts all vowels (a, e, i, o, u) in a separate function. Hint: use function <code>char *fgets(char *s, int size, FILE *stream)</code>
  - Write a program which creates an array with variable length based on the user input. Then it reads the desired number of integers and then outputs their cumulative sum.
  - Write a program that reads a 5x5 array of integers and then prints the row sums and the column sums.